Fintech Spotlight – Digital Disruption of Trade Receivables

In the latest in our occasional series on digitally disruptive innovators, we look at Tradeplus24.

Note DFA is not paid for this article. Our sole focus is to share insights into the disruption which is occurring across the Finance Sector. Trade Receivables in no exception.

I caught up with ex-Nab exec Adam Lane, Managing Director of Tradeplus24 Australia, who is leading the charge into Australia of the Credit Suisse-backed alternative lending start-up. Headquartered in Switzerland, this is a first step in its international expansion plans after raising 120 million Swiss francs (AUD173.6 million) in debt and equity in February.  Tradeplus24 was founded in 2016.

(Left To Right Kelvin Rossely, CRO, Adam Lane MD Australia)

Adam explained that Australia was an excellent jumping-off point because it parallels British regulation, and the necessary data is available, thanks to the early adoption of cloud-based accounting services here. There is a clear need to offer credit to the SME sector, and he believes the regulatory and political environment is right to launch. The fact that commercial brokers already operate here, and Adam’s experience via NAB completed the deal.

The start-up will target SME’s with a turnover of $3-50 million annually, and a flow of account receivables. They will offer variable credit lines range between $500,000 and $10 million.

We know from our DFA SME surveys that many businesses are finding it too difficult to get finance to support their business, and often a bank will require property as collateral which means firms are locked into relationships which are far from perfect. In addition, traditional lenders are struggling to structure cash-flow finance smaller than $5 million, and alternative lenders typically not providing loans above $250,000, so there is a niche to exploit.

Tradeplus24 does not require property as collateral, rather it collateralises the trade receivables, and relies on its digital platform to asses new business and manage existing firms. Thus, while its credit limits may be comparative with significant lenders like Scottish Pacific, Tradeplus24’s automated credit technology assesses SME supply chain data and calculates risk down to individual invoices in real time, making it as fast, agile, and accurate as tech-based alternative lenders.

They are targeting sectors including manufacturing and supply chain, labour hire, etc, any with a large receivables book. They are avoiding the construction sector.

Facilities are offered on a 12-month term, but experience shows that typically firms require help over 3-5 years to take their business to the next level. An application fee is charged at 1% of the facility and 1% ongoing fee annually, and the typical interest rate is in the range of 7-9%. They structure transactions by harnessing insurance to underwrite the account receivables of SME’s, which removes risk for funders and enables Tradeplus24 to offer more competitive rates.

It is a digital play.  This is unlike other players who generally handle paper-based information, and run a “shadow” ledger for customers, requiring more time and effort to maintain and manage.  One reason why Trade24Plus is so named.

Adam said

 “We’ve enjoyed immense and rapid success in our home market of Switzerland in just two years of operations, including attracting investment from the likes of Credit Suisse, SIX Group, and Berliner Volksbank, but we always had global expansion in mind when we developed the business,” said Adam Lane, Managing Director of Tradeplus24 Australia.

“We believe several characteristics of the Australian business lending market and wider economy make our offering uniquely well-positioned for success in this market.

“Lack of competition in Australia not only reduces the need for banks and larger lenders to innovate, but also means they’re free to release capital largely under their own terms. To this end, banks regularly take a charge over an entire business and also secure the loan against the owner’s personal property assets. They also struggle to lend without property as security, which is a major factor contributing to the current shortage of capital for Australian SMEs.

“Secondly, Australia’s weakening housing market is also compounding the inability of business owners to secure funding by offering property as collateral for further borrowing, with many ‘running out’ of adequate security to offer.

“Finally, the Banking Royal Commission has put everyone on notice when it comes to credit; there is simply less of it flowing through the economy as a whole. These factors combined create an urgent need for more innovative business credit solutions which don’t require a borrower to put up property assets as collateral.”

Tradeplus24 is currently in the advanced stages of negotiating a nine-figure debt facility and is exciting about making a difference by enabling many Australian SMEs to reach their growth potential.

They are in the throes of testing and expect to be in operation by early July 2019.

To me this is a classic demonstration of how smart digital disruption can really make a difference to businesses. Such innovation should be welcomed.

HashChing executive team departs, new CEO steps in

The founder and the executive team of online mortgage marketplace HashChing have all left the company, with a new interim CEO taking the helm, via The Adviser.

The founder and CEO of HashChing, Mandeep Sodhi, along with the key members of the executive team – including chief operating officer Siobhan Hayden and chief technology officer Vajira Amarasekera – all left the company at the end of May.

The fintech, which was officially launched by friends Atul Narang and Mandeep Sodhi in 2015 (before Mr Narang left the company in 2017), is an online platform that has pre-negotiated home loan deals that a consumer can access via a mortgage broker.

It had been increasingly looking at new ways to fund its growth and was recently looking to raise funds via a crowdfunding exercise, following its failure to raise $5 million last year via the same means.

In 2018, the mortgage marketplace also sought financial assistance from Jobs for NSW in the form of a $700,000 loan to create new jobs and allow the company to invest in the resources required to continue “expanding rapidly”.

While the company appeared to be operating as usual last month (when it announced it was introducing a deposit-free home loan product), HashChing has since seen a mass exodus of its entire leadership team.

None of the former members of the executive team were available to comment about the reasons for their departure – but out-of-office emails show that Mr Sodhi and Ms Hayden both ceased working at Hashching on 21 May 2019.

Future vision for the platform

A new interim CEO, Arun Maharaj, has now stepped in to head up HashChing and take it through a new “growth stage”.

HashChing will now focus on becoming a “one-stop digital platform” for all intermediated financial services, as part of a revamped strategy under the new executive leadership.

It is also now looking to a new product strategy to expand the platform’s business into brokering small-to-medium enterprise (SME) lending.

Sapien Ventures, together with the company’s second-largest institutional investor, Heworth Capital, will provide funding for the business at it expands to generate “convincing traction figures”, before going to the wider market for fresh growth capital later this year.

HashChing’s largest venture investor, Victor Jiang of Sapien Ventures, commented on the platform’s new strategy: “In the aftermath of the banking royal commission, the need to support the financing of SMEs through non-traditional channels has increased significantly. Coupled with the proliferation and increasing market adoption of fintech platform businesses, we believe that the time is now ripe for HashChing to enter into SME and commercial lending.”

“Through its online rating and ranking algorithms that help connect its customer with the most qualified financial service provider, HashChing has the potential to become the ultimate destination of choice for a range of intermediated financial services. In other words, the ‘Uberization’ of everything from personal mortgages, through to financial advice and SME lending,” he said.

Noting the departure of the original executive team, Mr Jiang commented: As a board, we are very grateful for their tremendous contributions in getting the business to this point. Now with new capabilities, we look forward to seeing the business reach a new level of growth and expansion, as it is set to capitalise on a range of differentiated market opportunities.”

The new CEO, Mr Maharaj, added: “It’s time for a proven marketplace platform like HashChing to diversify its offerings and to think beyond the previous boundaries,” he said.

“This is an opportunity to evolve an emerging business like HashChing during its next phase of growth, to transition and position the platform into a global enterprise with multiple revenue streams.

“The scalability of such platforms are limitless, as has been demonstrated numerous times globally. I am thrilled to be taking on this challenge at this time and am excited to be part of this growth journey,” he said.

Mr Maharaj was formerly the CEO of stockbroker and wealth management firm BBY, before its collapse in May 2015 when 10 group companies were placed into external administration.

JPMorgan’s digital banking “failure” is credit positive

On 6 June, JPMorgan Chase & Co. announced that it would shut down Finn, its digital consumer banking brand focused on attracting younger customers, via Moody’s.

At first glance, some might consider the decision to shut down the offering as a setback, however it also demonstrates JPM’s superior ability compared to many peers to experiment and invest aggressively in technology while maintaining robust profitability. A customer-centric approach to innovation is essential for incumbent firms to react to the offerings of financial technology (fintech) challengers.

Finn gave users access to an app, branded separately from JPM’s flagship Chase mobile app but running on the same back-end infrastructure, along with various perks, including JPM branch access for more complex banking services and use of the ATMs of partner banks. But more than half of Finn’s users had existing relationships with JPM, which may have influenced the decision to re-focus on the Chase digital banking brand. JPM leads peers in digital banking customers and possesses among the strongest US consumer deposit franchises.

Earlier this year, JPM during its annual investor day announced plans to make $11.5 billion in technology investments in 2019 – a sum equivalent to 28% of its 2018 pre-tax earnings, a credit positive. Only a few of JPM’s large consumer banking peers possess the scale to make such a commitment. These technology investments are important for JPM as it faces a growing number of fintech challengers along various points of the consumer and wholesale banking value chain. JPM noted that these investments would go
toward various initiatives, including developing new products, enhancing client choice, personalization and ease of doing business, and business efficiency.

NAB [Finally] Launches Apple Pay

National Australia Bank has finally introduced Apple Pay to its customers with the service live from this morning after months of customer feedback requesting the service after Apply Pay went live with two of the other big four banks. 

ANZ customers have had access to the service for a while now and can even withdraw money from the ATM using the service. CBA launched the service earlier in the year. 

This service will allow NAB customers to pay via their apple devices and is available for NAB personal and business customers with NAB to contact eligible customers to let them know about its arrival. 

NAB chief customer experience officer Rachel Slade said they had been listening to customers who wanted the service and were proud to finally launch it. 

“We’re continuing to listen to customer feedback and take action to become the bank our customers want.

“As part of our transformation we are investing significantly in our technology and digital services to support our customers to manage their money how they choose,” said Ms Slade.

Apple launches credit card

Consistent with our thesis that the big tech players are well positioned to disrupt the finance sector, Apple has moved further into financial services with the launch of a new credit card for its iPhone users, at its event today. Users will be able this facility anywhere that Apple Pay is accepted.

The new credit card will give 2 per cent cash back rewards, which is applied directly to the account for purchases made through Apple Pay but only 1 per cent for purchases made using the physical card.

Goldman Sachs has partnered with Apple to produce the card, with Mastercard handling payment processing.

The initial launch in in the USA.

This via Fintech Business. Apple, at its ‘show time’ services event, announced the introduction of a new credit card that aims to have quicker applications, no fees, lower rates and better rewards.

Users will get a physical card but one which does not have any information on it, instead all the authorisation information is stored directly with the Apple Wallet app.

Apple announced that it planned to use machine learning and its Maps app to label stores that you use and to track purchases across categories.

Apple chief executive Tim Cook said that the card would be one of the biggest changes the credit card had seen in decades.

“Apple is uniquely positioned to make the most significant change in the credit card experience in 50 years,” he said.

Vice president of Apple Pay Jennifer Bailey said that the card builds on the work of Apple Pay and uses the power of people’s mobile devices.

“Apple Card is designed to help customers lead a healthier financial life, which starts with a better understanding of their spending so they can make smarter choices with their money, transparency to help them understand how much it will cost if they want to pay over time and ways to help them pay down their balance,” she said.

Ms Bailey said that privacy was a big issue and all tracking information would be stored on users’ iPhones, not on Apple’s servers.

“Apple doesn’t know what you bought, where you bought it, and how much you paid for it,” she said.

Chairman and chief executive of Goldman Sachs David Solomon said he was thrilled to partner with Apple on this card.

“Simplicity, transparency and privacy are at the core of our consumer product development philosophy,” said Mr Solomon.

“We’re thrilled to partner with Apple on Apple Card, which helps customers take control of their financial lives.”

Mastercard president and chief executive Ajay Banga said the company was excited to bring global payments to Apple.

“We are excited to be the global payments network for Apple Card, providing customers with fast and secure transactions around the world,” he said.

Adams/North: A War On Cash Is A War On The People

Economist John Adams and Analyst Martin North discuss the trend towards zero interest rates, the removal of cash from circulation, and the use of digital currency to control the system.

Is the black economy initiative all that it seems to be?

Receiving a login code via SMS and email isn’t secure

When it comes to personal cybersecurity, you might think you’re doing alright. Maybe you’ve got multi-factor authentication setup on your phone so that you have to enter a code sent to you by SMS before you can login to your email or bank account from a new device, via The Conversation.

What you might not realise is that new scams have made authentication using a code sent by SMS messages, emails or voice calls less secure than they used to be.

Multi-factor authentication is listed in the Australian Cyber Security Centre’s Essential Eight Maturity Model as a recommended security measure for businesses to reduce their risk of cyber attack.

Last month, in an updated list, authentication via SMS messages, emails or voice calls was downgraded, indicating they’re no longer considered optimal for security.

Here’s what you should do instead.

What is multi-factor authentication?

Whenever we login to an app or device, we are usually asked for some form of identity check. This is often something we know (like a password), but it can also be something we have (like a security key or an access card) or something we are (like a fingerprint).

The last of these is often preferred because, while you can forget a password or a card, your biometric signature is always with you.

Multi-factor authentication is when more than one identity check is conducted via different channels. For instance, it’s common these days to enter your password, and an extra authentication code you need to enter is sent to your phone via SMS message, email or voice mail.

Lots of services, such as banks, already offer this feature. You’re sent a “one-time” code to your phone in order to confirm authority to enact a transaction.

This is good because:

  • it uses two separate channels
  • the code is randomly generated, so it can’t be guessed
  • the code has a limited lifetime

How could this go wrong?

Suppose a cybercriminal has stolen your phone, but you have it locked via fingerprint. If the criminal wants to compromise your bank account and attempts to login, your bank sends an authentication code to your phone.

Depending on how your phone settings are configured, the code could pop-up on your phone screen, even when it’s still locked. The criminal could then input the code and access your bank account. Note that “do not disturb” settings on your phone won’t help as the message still appears, albeit quietly. In order to avoid this problem, you need to disable message previews entirely in your phone’s settings.

A more elaborate hack involves “SIM swapping”. If a criminal has some of your identity details, they might be able to convince your phone provider that they are you and request a new SIM attached to your phone number to be sent to them. That way, anytime an authentication code is sent from one of your accounts, it will go to the hacker instead of you.

This happened to a technology journalist in the US a couple of years ago, who described the experience:

At about 9pm on Tuesday, August 22 a hacker swapped his or her own SIM card with mine, presumably by calling T-Mobile. This, in turn, shut off network services to my phone and, moments later, allowed the hacker to change most of my Gmail passwords, my Facebook password, and text on my behalf. All of the two-factor notifications went, by default, to my phone number so I received none of them and in about two minutes I was locked out of my digital life.

Then there is the question of whether you want to provide your phone number to the service you are using. Facebook has come under fire in recent days for requiring users to provide their phone number to secure their accounts, but then allowing others to search for their profile via their phone number. They have also reportedly used phone numbers to target users with ads.

This is not to say that splitting identity checks is a bad thing, it’s just that sending part of an identity check via a less-secure channel promotes a false sense of security that could be worse than using no security at all.

Multi-factor authentication is important – as long as you do it via the right channels.

Which authentication combinations are best?

Let’s consider some combinations of multi-factor authentication that have varying degrees of ease of use and security.

An obvious first choice is something you know and something you have, say a password and a physical access card. A cybercriminal has to obtain both to impersonate you. Not impossible, but difficult.

Another combination is a password and a voiceprint. A voiceprint recognition system records you speaking a particular passphrase and then matches your voice when you need to authenticate your identity. This is attractive because you can’t leave your voice at home or in the car.

But could your voice be forged? With the aid of digital software, it might be possible to take an existing recording of your voice, unpack and re-sequence it to produce the required phrase. This is somewhat challenging, but not impossible.

A third combination is a card and a voiceprint. This choice removes the need to remember a password, which could be stolen, and as long as you keep the physical token (the card or key) safe, it is very hard for someone else to impersonate you.

There are no perfect solutions yet and using the most secure version of authentication depends on it being offered by the service you are using, such as your bank.

Cyber security is about managing risk, so which combination of multi-factor authentication suits your needs depends on the balance you accept between usability and security.

Author: Mike Johnstone, Security Researcher, Associate Professor in Resilient Systems, Edith Cowan University

An Update From The Mortgage Industry Front Line

I discuss the evolution of the mortgage industry with Anthony Baum, CEO of Tic:Toc Home Loans.

How will the tighter underwriting standards play out, and how will the Royal Commission recommendations impact the industry?

Note that I believe the future of the mortgage industry will be digitally driven, and Tic:Toc is on the leading edge, so an apt topic for “Digital Finance Analytics”! Digital disruption is coming….

See our earlier discussion here

JPM Coin, Another Example of Disruptive Innovation

On 14 February, JPMorgan Chase & Co. announced that it has created and tested the JPM Coin, a new digital representation of US dollars redeemable at a 1:1 ratio in fiat currency, this despite CEO Jamie Dimon having slammed bitcoin as a fraud in the past .

The JPM Coin is for now a pilot offered to select client banks, broker-dealers and other corporations.

As Forbes pointed out this week, JPM Coin is NOT a classic cryptocurrency!

Would JPM Coin simply be a digital currency, rather than a cryptocurrency? If JP Morgan’s new coin operates privately and is only used for money transfers between the lender and its clients, it would not operate on a public network in the same way that cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin or ethereum do.

In addition to this, cryptocurrencies operate on public networks that anyone can join without permission and while in this case, it means that the many computers working together on the shared ledger is said to improve security (according to a recent Motherboard article), JPM coin will run on a blockchain network called Quorum, which requires permissions and users must be approved by JP Morgan.

Moodys says that although still at an early stage, the digital coin breathes some life back into blockchain technology, which was criticized during 2018 for falling short of proving tangible use cases. For value to be exchanged among participating members over a blockchain, a unit of account in digital format is needed. Consequently, the JPM Coin is designed to allow the bank’s clients to transfer value between participating members. The exchange from fiat to JPM Coin and vice versa would be done at a value equivalent to $1.00, but it promises to be instantaneous, reducing settlement time. Given that JPM Coin is currently offered only to JPM’s institutional clients, should the test prove successful, it could motivate new clients to join the JPM platform to benefit from its features. It is not clear how, or if, JPM will make the feature available to non-JPM clients.

The offering can potentially help the bank expand its ecosystem, allowing firms seeking instant value transfer to use this highly sought feature in the global movement of money and payments in securities transactions.

At its investor day last year, JPM guided for around $10.8 billion in technology spend for 2018. The combination of a highly profitable
franchise and a dedication to technology reinforces JPM’s ability and willingness to innovate and defend its core payment franchises
against disruptive threats.

Although a first-mover among US banks in the creation and testing of a digital coin, JPM Coin’s concept is not unlike fiat-backed “stable coins” that exist within the cryptocurrency sphere. Examples of stable coins include Tether and Coinbase’s USDC, which operate as digital coins designed to bypass the volatility inherent among cryptocurrencies. However, volatility is not the only risk that the JPM Coin promises to avoid: it also sidesteps counterparty risk. Stable coins offered by start-up crypto exchanges and platforms offer digital coin redemptions back into fiat currencies. However, a transfer back into fiat is only possible to the extent the platforms are capable of supporting the redemptions, which exposes the holders of stable coins to counterparty risk. Common concerns around the platforms’ creditworthiness revolve around the lack of confidence that the digital coin is in fact backed by an inventory of fiat currencies.

An ecosystem sponsored by JPM, with a counterparty risk rating of Aa1(cr) may garner higher trust than competing ecosystems. Operational risks have also plagued start-up digital currency exchanges that have often faced bankruptcy (Mt Gox, QuadrigaCX), fraud (Bitconnect) or cyberattacks (Coincheck).

In October 2017, JPM launched the Interbank Information Network (IIN), which currently has 157 banks signed up. The IIN is designed to facilitate the transfer of information using blockchain technology and aims to reduce costs for correspondent banks when dealing with wholesale payments, particularly when it comes to sharing of information to resolve payment delays. While IIN addresses information sharing, JPM Coin is designed to test the actual transfer of value.

Taking Australia’s Economic Pulse

We discuss recent research which points to a potential slowing in the housing sector, and its implications more broadly, but with a specific focus on retail real-estate, and the impact of online shopping as more retailers give up the survival fight. What will happen to shopping centre rentals?