When you are totally data dependent, as the FED is, noise in the incoming data is always going to be an issue, because signal and noise might not be aligned. There was a classic case yesterday as we got the latest read on the Consumer Price Index for the US from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Superficially at least, underlying US inflation rose more than forecast in September, representing a pause in the recent progress toward moderating price pressures, boosted by housing and food, which accounted for over 75% of the advance. Goods prices rose as well after reliably falling over the past year.
I have discussed before the disconnect between real lived experience of inflation and the official figures before, but if we break down inflation into its four main components, we find that it’s substantially all about services at this point. That’s been true for a while. Goods prices are deflating, but helped cause some of the disappointment because that’s happening less quickly than earlier in the year. In fact, food prices and air fares rose more than expected, even as shelter costs eased. That would make continued jumbo interest rate cuts difficult.
While the great spike in price rises that came the year after the pandemic has run its course, what remains is grinding down the services inflation that followed the rest, and that tends to be driven by wages.
So whether the CPI data is really signalling a slowing in reductions to inflation is questionable, but it does suggest the FED might be reluctant to go 50 basis points next meeting. And actually, the latest bond pricing suggests markets are also changing tack.
When all you have is data dependence, expect more volatility as the data or noise shifts around.
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